| Title | : | The Perspective of Islamic Ethics on Abortion in the Case of Rape and Premarital Pregnancy |
| Author | : | Arief Aulia Rachman (CRCS, 2009) |
| Keywords | : | Islamic Ethics, Islamic Law (Fiqh), Ushul Fiqh, Abortion, Rape and Premarital pregnancy |
| Abstract | ||
| This thesis aims to determine and analyze the cases of abortion with the motive of rape and premarital pregnancy through the perspective of Islamic ethics. Islamic ethics is a framework to analyze abortion cases that become a middle course between normative (Islamic law) and non-normative decisions, taking into account the textual basis and the context of what happened. In addressing the above issues, this thesis focuses on the questions as follows: a) how is the formulation and the ethics concepts in Islam as a scientific framework and its own perspective?; b) how and what are the factors causing the abortion with a motive of rape and premarital pregnancies?; c) how is the Islamic ethics perspectives of abortion cases are caused by a motive of rape and premarital pregnancies. This thesis also discusses differences in the perspective or understanding of the Islamic ethics of abortion as Shafi, Maliki, Hanbali, and Hanafi, and the view of the Council of Indonesian Ulama (MUI). So, the existence of fundamental disagreements between the pro-life and pro-choice to the abortion cases. The point of ethical theory and Islamic ethics which are discussed in this thesis is intended to find a systematic flow of thought in explaining the theory of Islamic ethics. Because, basically general conception of ethics emphasis the definition of ethical concepts, justification or assessment of the moral decisions, as well as distinguish between the actions or decisions good and bad. Based on the matter, the thesis is a normative research. The point is based on case studies of social or communal cases such as the abortion, and then analyzed by using the basis and the perspective of Islamic ethics. This thesis come to several findings namely: first, the Islamic ethics as a framework to determine reasonable perspective or ratio proportion are not far to the existence of revelation and it has an authority to criticize revelation while there is no clear legal provisions. Second, the abortion is influenced by various factors such as sexual violence, psychological pressure on these women, the medical effects such as pregnant women are suffering physical and mental illness, social counter the very strong to the unwanted pregnancies cases, and inaccurate interpretation and misuse of religious doctrine. Third, Islamic ethics assumes that the abortion of rape is ethical because the women under sexual coercion and violence which unwanted, whereas the motive of premarital pregnancies, as his ethical woman must resposible and save her pregnancy as a logical consequence for her actions. |
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Arsip:
Thesis Review
| Title | : | Theology of Success and Spiritual Capital: the Study of Success Theology of Church Bethany Indonesia – Surabaya from the Perspective of Spiritual Capital in the Context of Indonesia |
| Author | : | Cindy Quartyamina Koan (CRCS, 2008) |
| Keywords | : | Indonesia Bethany Church, Theology of Success and Spiritual Capital |
| Abstract | ||
| Indonesia Bethany Church is a manifest of a successful church organization especially in Indonesia even in South East Asia. The root of that success is Abraham Alex Tanuseputra’s life story. He is the founder of the Bethany church as one with Successful Bethany Families motto. The success gave the appearance merely not within spiritual services but expands to physical world services such as finance, education, medical, entertainment, occupation include the economic activities for instance advertising and trading. Those services become the magnet which successfully attracts the Christian’s interest. The alteration from many Christian to be the Bethany’s parishioners is the indicator of Indonesia Bethany Church succeeds.
Deliberating about the success of Indonesia Bethany Church, immediately guide to theology of success as a doctrinal and practical foundation for all Bethany’s activities. Bethany’s theology of success reveals that God desired every Christians lives successfully means having whole excellent thing not the reverse yet somehow, increasingly into abundantly life. That is the successive lives which noticeable and measured as well embrace spiritual and material world. Spiritually pointing to obey the desire of God then materially develop into wealthy. Eventually, realization of the success depends on the success of material world where the stipulation is that every parishioner must be struggling to accomplish the wealthy life. Furthermore, Response to this, I would like to explore the strengths and weaknesses of the teaching of the theology of success by using the concept of Spiritual Capital from Danah Zohar and Ian Marshall. Principally, the terms spiritual and capital do not refer only to religions and merely physical capital. Furthermore, it is about divine values, motivations and principals that are convinced as true and able to produce a broad good impact for humanity and nature. In brief, Spiritual Capital tries to create economic activities without being self-oriented and make encounter between spiritualism and capitalism or economy. Indeed, we cannot deny that success is every person’s whish, therefore any theory which are including in the theology of success play big important role in creating the welfare for human, living beings and nature which not individualistic. For this reason, theology of success should be a theology that concern toward the reality of social lives whereas every parishioner are part of society. |
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| Title | : | Concept and Practice of Islamic Education in SDIT Alam Nurul Islam Yogyakarta |
| Author | : | Eka Farantina (CRCS, 2010) |
| Keywords | : | Islamic education, theory, practices |
| Abstract | ||
| This research aims to acknowledge deeply, theory and Islamic education practices at SDIT (Integrated Islamic Elementary School) Alam Nurul Islam, Yogyakarta. This is interesting because SDIT Alam Nurul Islam proposes nondichotomy curriculum between Islamic education and general education. The next reason is because SDIT Alam Nurul Islam promotes student centered learning, concept “one earth, one world”, and learning from reality which similar to the concept of Paulo Freire, Hans Kung, and John Dewey.
This study answers three questions. First, what are the theories of Islamic education at SDIT Alam Nurul Islam? Second, what are the practices of Islamic education at SDIT Alam Nurul Islam? This research uses qualitative naturalistic approach to understand and interpret ate the perspectives of informant about their world. The data was gathered from observation and in depth interview involving the headmaster of the school and a teacher from the school who is a staff of JSIT in Yogyakarta. The data analysis was done by open coding. The data validation was achieved by triangulation techniques. The study shows two results. First, the basic of education concept at SDIT Alam Nurul Islam is turning human beings back to the basic goal of human creation: to be an abdullah and a khalifatullah. Second, the practices of education at SDIT Alam Nurul Islam are based on the concepts of education at there. The learning program improved from the vision as ‘abdullah and khalifatullah by integrating knowledges and religion. Students have more time to learn from nature, as a part of learning from reality. |
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| Title | : | Deconstruction of Exclusivism in Religion: Case Study of Windu Community in Lamongan East Java |
| Author | : | Nasruddin (CRCS, 2005) |
| Keywords | : | deconstruction, religious exclusiveness, Windu society, religious narrative |
| Abstract | ||
| This research aims at proposing models of deconstruction to solve the exclusiveness of religiosity causing negative effects in the Windu social life. This research uses social phenomena of case study as method of research. To collect and gather the data, this research conducts deep interview and direct active participant in the field of the research. To analyze the data, this research has three steps. First, it perform all data before selecting it. Second, it reduces and ignore unintended data. Third, it analyze and interpret the data. This research shows that the exclusiveness of religious form that caused negative effects in the Windu social life are follow (i) the labeling infidelity for the other religious person or community, (ii) religious prejudice used as an effective tool to dismantle the existence of the others’ worship place, (iii) propoke and agitate religious community to give negative response toward the existence of Christian health public service, (iv) domination of social status by Christian and economic gap arose tension, conflict, violence, and (v) using religious jargon and symbols to attain local political power and role. The factors caused the exclusiveness of religious forms are from internal factor and external. Internal factor included religious narrative/texts, doctrine, and interpretation, while external one refers to economical and social realm as well as political power struggle. This research nominates some models of deconstruction in order to copy with the exclusiveness in religion in the Windu. Here are models of deconstruction. First, we have to reread and reinterpret the word “infidel” in the holy book so we find new meaning as alternative way to wipe out the social hierarchy or status. Hence, we have to prejudice every word whose meaning has been abused by scholars to support their position in socio-political life/hierarchy like the word infidel, (ii) we must introduce inclusive-neighborhood theology as advance step to break the exclusiveness of religiosity in the Windu, (iii) we have to propose human values (humanity) rather than privilege the egoism of religious doctrine, (iv) creating interfaith dialogue to break the social stagnation and tension, and (v) enjoin Muslim and Christian to reinterpret the revelation and the function of religion for human beings. |
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| Title | : | Interfaith Dialogue in Indonesian Public Diplomacy: The Role of The Department of Foreign Affairs in Interfaith Dialogue |
| Author | : | Novita Rakhmawati (CRCS, 2009) |
| Keywords | : | religion, international relations, foreign policy, public diplomacy, interfaith dialogue, Indonesia, Department of Foreign Affairs |
| Abstract | ||
| In an era of globalization, especially in the wake of the Cold War and the September 11, 2001 tragedy, there is an increasing concern about the role of religion and religious actors in international relations (Haynes, 2007; Thomas, 2005; Petito and Hatzopoulos, 2003; Dark, 2000). Religion has become one of the new types of what is called “intermestic” (international and domestic) policy issue in international relations (Duncan, 2006, Kegley and Wittkopf, 2001). In the Indonesian context, scholars have tended to focus on the role of Islam in Indonesian foreign policy (Perwita, 2007; Sukma, 2003). However, the study of interfaith dialogue in Indonesian diplomacy, particularly in public diplomacy is a new development. This current paper examines interfaith dialogue activities in Indonesian public diplomacy. The aim of the study is to describe interfaith dialogue programs and activities in recent Indonesian diplomacy and to examine why the Indonesian government, particularly through the Department of Foreign Affairs, has engaged with interfaith dialogue. This paper argues that the adoption of interfaith dialogue in Indonesian public diplomacy has been influenced by certain “intermestic” (international and domestic) circumstances. In the context of international challenges, these include globalization and the global resurgence of religion, the rise of issues of Islamic terrorism, U.S unilateralism and the rise of multitrack diplomacy. Regarding domestic circumstances there are constraints from the legal infrastructure and the lack of institutional capacity to counterterrorism, the crises of perception of “the West versus Islam”, the requirement for balancing the need to security and democratization and human’s rights protection, and the need to promote an image of Indonesia as the world’s largest Muslim population country, which is peaceful and tolerant. The findings indicate that interfaith dialogue activities in Indonesian public diplomacy are a new and positive development in Indonesian diplomacy because it recognizes the role of religious communities in the foreign policy making process and have potential as Indonesian soft power. This fact led to a question whether there is shifting paradigm in Indonesian foreign policy i.e, religious consideration. However, Pancasila as the ideology of the state and the 1945 Constitution remain as the foundation of Indonesian foreign policy. The conclusion recommends that interfaith dialogue in Indonesian public diplomacy need to be more practical, engaging the grass root level and becoming more responsive to recent domestic and international circumstances. |
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| Title | : | Seeking for Religious Identity: A Case Study toward the Children of Interreligions Marriage in Yogyakarta |
| Author | : | Roro Sri Rejeki Waluyojati (CRCS, 2005) |
| Keywords | : | Pluralism, Tolerance, and Humanism |
| Abstract | ||
| The objective of this research was to know the perception of the children of interreligions marriage in Yogyakarta in their effort to understand a religion and how they applied the religiosity attitude and expression in their personal and social lives. Moreover, this research discussed the religious experiences perceived by those children during their lives in a family with diversity of beliefs. It was a qualitative research using analytical descriptive method, in which the researcher tried to describe explicitly the phenomena of the children of inter-religions marriage in their processes to find the religious identities. The location of this research was in Yogyakarta, because it was viewed to have enough data resources to perform the study. As we have known, the pluralistic condition of Yogyakarta society that had high religious tolerance values had enabled us to find phenomena of a family consisting of members who have different beliefs. Eventually, the researcher got a description from the research that in a society with pluralistic culture, which had high religious tolerance such as Yogyakarta, the phenomena of children of the inter-religions marriages could be a typical characteristic of the successful harmonious inter-religious lives concept in the area. It could be happened because Javanese people, especially in Yogyakarta, were still loyal and respectful to the values of harmony and peace as their life-philosophy. However, one thing should be concerned here was when the children of those inter-religions marriages more emphasized the social piety than the normative one in expressing their religious attitude. |
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