Jonathan D Smith | CRCS | Esai

Terdapat banyak gerakan environmentalis di Indonesia, baik yang dipimpin oleh para aktivis lingkungan maupun kelompok-kelompok lokal. Gerakan menentang proyek reklamasi Teluk Benoa, Bali; gerakan melawan pembangunan pabrik semen di Kendeng, Jawa Tengah; dan gerakan Save Aru, Maluku, adalah sekian contohnya. Apakah agama ikut berperan dalam gerakan-gerakan ini? Apakah gerakan lokal ini memiliki hubungan dengan gerakan environmentalis global yang sedang tumbuh?
Aspek lokal dan global adalah elemen krusial dalam gerakan environmentalis: problem lingkungan hidup tak mengenal batas. Iklim yang berubah cepat melahirkan tantangan yang mendesak secara global dan lokal. Negara-negara dunia pelan-pelan mulai ikut berperan dalam upaya pengurangan emisi karbon sementara komunitas-komunitas lokal di Indonesia sedang menghadapi problem tingginya suhu, naiknya permukaan air laut, bencana alam, dan polusi air dan udara.
Hubungan lokal-global dalam gerakan environmentalis-religius
Dalam Konferensi Perubahan Iklim di Maroko pada 2016, negara-negara bertemu untuk menegaskan dukungannya terhadap Kesepakatan Paris 2015 tentang Perubahan Iklim. Kesepakatan yang (hingga November 2016) telah ditandatangani 111 negara ini berkomitmen untuk mereduksi emisi karbon dan mengakui pengaruh manusia terhadap perubahan iklim. Dalam konferensi di Marrakech itu ratusan pemimpin agama dan aktivis lingkungan juga meluncurkan Pernyataan Lintas Iman tentang Iklim.
Tertulis dalam pernyataan itu:

Abstract
In post-conflict Maluku, there has been renewed interest in redeveloping the Banda Islands as a major tourist attraction for the region, and as a world heritage site. As practices of tourism represent culture for diverse audiences, they also inform how local inhabitants conceptualize their identities, as well as influence the processes of collective memory. The Indonesian concepts of culture draw on relationships to land, community and cosmology referred to as adat that have a dynamic and complex relationship to people’s religious identifications. In this talk, I’ll explore how Christians displaced from the Banda islands during the conflict are being “re-membered” as outsiders in the process of reconstructing culture for the consumption of tourists, and consider how representations of culture for the tourism industry can potentially strengthen exclusive versions of local identity.
Speaker
Kelli Alicia Swazey is a faculty member at the Center for Religious and Cross-Cultural Studies at the Graduate School of Universitas Gadjah Mada. She holds a PhD in Cultural Anthropology from the University of Hawai’i Manoa. Her research focuses on identity in the public sphere, representation and the media, minority religions in Indonesia, and religion and tourism. She has designed several programs on diversity in Southeast Asia, and has been a featured TED speaker and a fellow of the INK (Innovation and Knowledge) program. 
Look at the full poster of the event here.